Coastal Community Empowerment Model: The Role of Women during the Fish “Off-Season” in Building Family Food Security
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62951/momat.v3i3.705Keywords:
Coastal Communities, Family Food Security, Fishers, Off-Season, Women's EmpowermentAbstract
During the fishing off-season, fishers face difficulties going to sea, causing household income to decline while daily food needs remain. Coastal women often become the main economic support, yet their role has rarely been developed into an empowerment model. This study aims to develop a coastal-community empowerment model based on women’s roles in strengthening family food security during the off-season. A qualitative case-study design was conducted in a fishing community in Sumenep Regency, East Java. Twelve informants were purposively selected, consisting of eight women from fishing families as key informants and four supporting informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document tracing, then analysed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with triangulation used to ensure validity. The findings show that women contribute to all four pillars of food security: availability, access, utilisation, and stability, while serving as the main economic buffer when husbands cannot fish. However, their efforts remain largely survival-oriented and are constrained by limited capital, narrow market access, and double workloads. The study concludes that an off-season-adaptive women’s empowerment model aligned with the seasonal calendar is needed to support more independent and sustainable livelihoods.
Downloads
References
Afriansyah, Afdhal, Mustanir, A., Faried, A. I., Mursalat, A., Kusnadi, I. H., Fauzan, R., Amruddin, Siswanto, D., Widiyawati, R., & Abdurohim. (2023). Pemberdayaan masyarakat [Community empowerment]. PT Global Eksekutif Teknologi.
Chambon, M., Miñarro, S., Alvarez Fernandez, S., Porcher, V., Reyes-García, V., Drouet, H. T., & Ziveri, P. (2024). A synthesis of women’s participation in small-scale fisheries management: Why women’s voices matter. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 34(1), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09806-2
Fabinyi, M., Belton, B., Dressler, W. H., Knudsen, M., Adhuri, D. S., Abdul Aziz, A., Akber, M. A., Kittitornkool, J., Kongkaew, C., Marschke, M., Pido, M., Stacey, N., Steenbergen, D. J., & Vandergeest, P. (2022). Coastal transitions: Small-scale fisheries, livelihoods, and maritime zone developments in Southeast Asia. Journal of Rural Studies, 91, 184–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.02.006
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (1996). Rome Declaration on World Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2024). Implementing the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines for gender-equitable and climate-resilient food systems and livelihoods: Summary baseline report of the FAO FMM/GLO/155/MUL Project: Indonesia, Madagascar, Namibia and the Philippines. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0102en
Hakim, R. (2021). Sistem pemasaran hasil perikanan dan pengentasan kemiskinan nelayan Desa Branta Pesisir Pamekasan [Fishery product marketing systems and poverty alleviation among fishers in Branta Pesisir Village, Pamekasan]. Ekopem: Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 6(3), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.32938/jep.v6i3.1905
Handayati, P., Nasih, A. M., Susilowati, I., Idris, Nayak, P. K., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2025). From vulnerable to resilience: An assessment of small-scale fisheries livelihood in South Malang of Indonesia. Discover Sustainability, 6, Article 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-00810-z
Latief, M. I., Hasbi, Sultan, Genda, A., & Pasmudir. (2021). Intervensi SDGs terhadap penanganan kemiskinan nelayan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Makassar [SDGs intervention in addressing fisher poverty during the COVID-19 pandemic in Makassar City]. Proceeding Simposium Nasional Kelautan dan Perikanan, 8, 267–276.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Stacey, N., Gibson, E., Loneragan, N. R., Warren, C., Wiryawan, B., Adhuri, D. S., & Fitriana, R. (2019). Enhancing coastal livelihoods in Indonesia: An evaluation of recent initiatives on gender, women and sustainable livelihoods in small-scale fisheries. Maritime Studies, 18(3), 359–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40152-019-00142-5
Stacey, N., Gibson, E., Loneragan, N. R., Warren, C., Wiryawan, B., Adhuri, D. S., Steenbergen, D. J., & Fitriana, R. (2021). Developing sustainable small-scale fisheries livelihoods in Indonesia: Trends, enabling and constraining factors, and future opportunities. Marine Policy, 132, 104654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104654
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D [Quantitative, qualitative, and R&D research methods]. Alfabeta.
Tiftazani, N. Z., Noerzaman, M. R. S., Hermawan, C. G., Askori, N., Rohmah, M. I., & Setiawan, A. (2025). Evaluasi dan perkembangan ketahanan pangan Indonesia tahun 2023–2025 berdasarkan kerangka empat pilar FAO [Evaluation and development of Indonesia’s food security in 2023–2025 based on the FAO four-pillar framework]. Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi, 2(12), 851–873.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan [Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food]. (2012). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2012 Nomor 227 [State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Year 2012 Number 227].
Wardah, O. A. N., & Niswah, F. (2021). Strategi ketahanan pangan dalam program urban farming di masa pandemi COVID-19 [Food security strategies in urban farming programs during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Publika, 9(1), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.26740/publika.v9n1.p145-160
Wardhani, A. A., Arwinda, S., Solechan, A., Shibghatalloh, A. H., Syafrudin, H. A., & Musliha, C. (2025). Women as pillars of coastal economic resilience: Role transformation, empowerment, and gender support in the Juwana coastal community. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 14(2), 396–406. https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v14i2.95632
Wurianturi, I. (2024). Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga nelayan di Indonesia [Food security of fishing households in Indonesia]. Social Agriculture, Food System, and Environmental Sustainability, 1(2), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.61511/safses.v1i2.2024.1071
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Momentum Matrix: International Journal of Communication, Tourism, and Social Economic Trends
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
